In recent years, frequent extreme rainfall events have posed growing threats to the flood control safety of dams. Pumped storage dams are typically located in the upper reaches of mountainous rivers or narrow valleys, featuring small reservoir capacities and limited catchment areas. These conditions often lead to rapid flood rise and recession, while the lack of measured hydrological data increases the sensitivity of design flood estimates to extreme precipitation. Focusing on registered and recorded pumped storage dams, this study analyzes their current flood control safety status. Based on these analyses, and considering the operational characteristics of different pumped storage station types, the flood control safety risks and challenges are categorized and summarized, providing references for conducting flood control risk assessments, evaluating dam safety, and improving specialized emergency response plans for pumped storage dams. 

Reservoir safety operation regulations serve as critical technical documents for standardizing regulation practices, ensuring the safe and stable operation of reservoir, and maximizing the comprehensive benefits. Currently, with changes in hydrological conditions within river basins, reforms in management system, and heightened ecological conservation demands, traditional regulations are increasingly showing limitations in adaptability, such as inefficient multi-stakeholder coordination and delayed emergency response procedures. Aiming at this, taking the compilation of regulation guidelines for Dahuofang reservoir in Liaoning province as a case study, this paper explains the background and basis for compilation of regulation guidelines for large-scale reservoirs, systematically outlines the core content of the guidelines, and constructs a scientific framework covering multi-objective regulation, characteristic parameter adaptation, management mechanisms, and division of rights and responsibilities. As well, the key relationships that require balancing during the compilation process are analyzed, such as flood control versus water utilization, water supply versus ecological needs, and the demands of different users. At the same time, based on the actual situation of the management system reform and functional expansion of Dahuofang reservoir, this paper explores challenges and optimization directions for modern regulation development—such as dynamic adjustments and refined scheduling—providing theoretical support and practical references for standardizing and dynamically optimizing similar large reservoir regulations, and contributing to achieving the integrated regulation objectives of "safety and controllability, optimal benefits, and ecological friendliness."

The Xiahongyan accumulation slope is located at the right valley shoulder of the dam site of Baihetan hydropower station, which is giant and creepy. It exerts great impact on the safety of the project. North-south longitudinal length of the accumulation slope is about 1 800 m, and east-west transverse width is 115~740 m. Its volume is about 18 million m ³, with a plane area of about 0.82 km ²

and an average thickness of about 22 m. The deformation monitoring and surface fracture investigation show that Xiahongyan accumulation slope is in a state of creep and its deformation direction and degree are zoned. Combined with the zoned characteristics of deformation, different sections are selected to analyze the slope stability. Then, a comprehensive treatment scheme of "berming with spoil, anti-slip pile and local slope anchorage" is proposed. The monitoring results show that the treatment measures have achieved the expected results, providing reference for design and research of similar projects.

Fixed flood control water level is mostly adopted in traditional reservoir scheduling method, which to some extent limits the reservoir′s storage capacity during the flood season and affects the reservoir′s profitability. Therefore, this paper studies and proposes a flood season reservoir water level dynamic control method based on fuzzy proportional integral derivative PID. This method applies GNSS-IR

technology to monitor the reservoir water level in real time, calculates the difference between the water level and the safe water level and its change rate, and uses the difference and change rate as input to calibrate the three parameters of PID using fuzzy logic method. The calibrated PID is used to calculate the water level control quantity and monitor reservoir water level fluctuations during the flood season, guiding scientific water storage, ensuring safe dam operation, and achieving dynamic flood season water level control. Study findings indicate that the proposed control method achieves a balanced equilibrium between reservoir water storage for beneficial purposes and flood control safety, thereby maintaining relatively stable reservoir water levels. Additionally, this method exhibits a lower coefficient of variation, demonstrating its greater effectiveness in reducing fluctuations during the control process, resulting in smoother water level regulation.

Taking township- managed reservoirs in Yuanping city as the research subject, this paper sorts out the key problems such as prominent engineering hazards, weak inspection mechanism, fragmented responsibility systems, slow emergency response and insufficient informatization level. Accordingly, a five-pronged operational management system is innovatively proposed: digital twin engineering, closed-loop inspection forms, refined responsibility grids, standardized emergency drills, and institutionalized performance incentives. Practice has proved that this system can effectively enhance the scientific and intelligent management of reservoirs under township-level administration, possessing strong potential for broader implementation.

Traditional operation modes are not well-suited for the efficient operation of pumped storage power stations under the new power system. Aiming at this issue, an innovative operation mode, namely "cluster control, unattended operation, and ON-CALL comprehensive emergency response" mode is proposed. By optimizing cluster control duty, implementing the ON-CALL comprehensive emergency management mechanism, strengthening the skill training of operation personnel, enhancing equipment reliability, and empowering production and maintenance with technology, this mode has been applied to the pumped storage power stations under Operation Branch of China Southern Power Grid Peak Regulation and Frequency Modulation Generation Co., Ltd. The results show that this mode has achieved significant effects in improving the level of safe production, optimizing the efficiency of human resource allocation, and enhancing personnel capabilities. It has effectively promoted the intensive and professional development of the operation mode of pumped storage power stations and provided a new solution and practical example for the industry.