The time series deformation characteristics of Wangjiashan landslide in Baihetan reservoir area before impoundment are studied by using Sentinel- 1ASAR dataset and SBAS- InSAR technology. The results show that Wangjiashan landslide has been in an initial deformation state in the past four years, with deformation occurring first in the middle part and then expanding to the front edge and back edge.Through joint analysis with historical rainfall data, it is found that Wangjiashan landslide is highly sensitive to rainfall, and the deformation is not only significantly correlated with cumulative rainfall, but also influenced by concentrated heavy rainfall. Therefore, a monitoring and early warning system should be established during impoundment period to provide early warning of geological disasters and reduce casualties and property losses. The time series deformation results of Wangjiashan landslide demonstrate the potential application of InSAR technology in landslide detection, which provides new ideas and references for landslide spatiotemporal evolution, causal analysis, as well as disaster prevention and reduction.

Valley amplitude and chord deformation monitoring is an important means of dam safety monitoring. In view of the current situation of valley amplitude and chord monitoring, combined with the particularity of application scenarios with high altitude and large temperature difference, a full-automatic and all-weather valley amplitude and chord monitoring system is developed by integrating laser ranging and Internet of Things. It has been applied to the Longyangxia and Lijiaxia dams in the upper reaches of Yellow River. At the same time, the main influencing factors of laser ranging accuracy are analyzed based on the monitoring data, and the calculation method of laser distance influenced by air temperature and pressure is established. Through observation data and system stability calculation, the stability and adaptability of the system are verified.

The association between monitoring data is complex and often implicit. This paper extends the association rule to dam safety monitoring, introduces the association rule mining algorithm and measurement indicators of the effectiveness of association rules, and uses the association rule algorithm to analyze the association between single instrument data and environmental data, as well as between multi-instrument data and multi-environmental data. The results show that the association rule analysis is simple and easy to understand, and can help to discover potential and valuable information for dam safety monitoring.

Due to the lack of industry standards and the low revision frequency of national standards, the set of safety signs for hydropower projects in China is not standardized. By survey of current situation of safety signs for hydropower projects, the existing problems are summarized and the cause reasons are analyzed. Combined with the engineering practice, suggestions for standardization of safety signs are proposed, for reference.

By analysis of the process lines of crack opening and the displacement of dangerous rock mass on the top of the high slope on the right bank of Hongshiyan barrier lake in Ludian County of Yannan, the result shows that the slope is unstable since monitoring began. The successful prediction and warning of the large-scale slope collapse provides a useful reference for monitoring similar high slope

formed after earthquakes.

At present, some pumped storage power stations are built on small and medium-sized rivers with abundant rainfall and small drainage area, usually without operating hydrological stations. Therefore, the reference station data or local rainstorm atlas are often used to calculate the design flood of the basin, which is equivalent to establishing a theoretical model for the basin. The obtainance of some theoretical formula parameters depends on empirical values, such as roughness. The author analyzes the con⁃

struction of experimental intelligent runoff gauging station based on radar wave online flow measurement

as the core test method, to verify the theoretical model with measured data.

In order to realize the intelligent dispatching operation goal of cascade hydropower stations in

Nam Ou river basin in Laos, based on the management concept of digital transformation, this study ana lyzes the difficulties of overall dispatching for cascade hydropower stations, and explores the implemen tation path and effective measures to improve the accuracy of hydrometeorological prediction and the op eration and dispatching capability of hydropower stations. Through the intelligent dispatching of hydro power stations, the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit are improved, and the goal of  carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is promoted. It can provide guidance and reference for hydropower  development along the Belt and Road and the cascade control centers in major river basins at home and

abroad.