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Analysis and lessons from typical failures of hydropower stations in China in recent years
WANG Huiyi and LIU Deming
Abstract （713）      PDF （320KB）（295）      
Water conservancy and hydropower projects have the characteristics of long construction period, complex structure, and being greatly affected by natural factors. An accidental factor in operation may sometimes lead to systematic safety accidents of the whole hydropower station. The author summarizes some typical cases of domestic hydropower station accidents in recent years, and analyzes some risk factors needing attention in the construction and operation management of hydropower stations, to provide reference for design, construction and operation management.
2022, 0 (6): 1-.
Development and application of new elastic epoxy coating
LIU Deming, WU Qimin, CHEN Qiao, YU Xun and SHAO Yimin
Abstract （163）      PDF （483KB）（98）      
HK-968 elastic epoxy coating is modified by chemical toughening. It combines the elasticity of polyurethane materials with the strength and adhesion of epoxy materials. It cures at room temperature and has better durability on the concrete surface which exerts good effect on the treatment of difficult problems such as cavitation and abrasion damage of hydraulic structures. This paper introduces the development process of HK-968 elastic epoxy coating from the aspects including main agent selection,
performance tests and adjustments, durability tests and so on, and two application cases are presented, for reference.
2022, 0 (6): 67-.
 Logic of graded warning for dams under the condition of earthquake and its implementation
LYU Gaofeng, HUANG Chengjia, ZHENG Shuqian, LIU Xili and LUO Dongxu
Abstract （162）      PDF （1557KB）（96）      
Earthquakes, especially strong earthquakes, may easily cause dam accidents. The actual damage of the dam is determined by the earthquake intensity, which is related to the earthquake magnitude, hypocenter depth, geological structure and the distance between the dam and the hypocenter. To realize the graded warning for dams under the condition of earthquake, it is necessary to use the statistical model to quickly calculate the earthquake magnitude at the dam site and compare it with the design standard. By computer programming, the above-mentioned functions can be realized, which can quickly locate the dam that may be damaged by the earthquake and realize rapid early warning for the dam.
2023, 0 (6): 1-.
Application research of intelligent dispatching based on cascade hydropower stations in whole ba sin
QIAN Wei and SUN Jingying
Abstract （162）      PDF （1273KB）（58）      
In order to realize the intelligent dispatching operation goal of cascade hydropower stations in
Nam Ou river basin in Laos, based on the management concept of digital transformation, this study ana lyzes the difficulties of overall dispatching for cascade hydropower stations, and explores the implemen tation path and effective measures to improve the accuracy of hydrometeorological prediction and the op eration and dispatching capability of hydropower stations. Through the intelligent dispatching of hydro power stations, the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit are improved, and the goal of  carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is promoted. It can provide guidance and reference for hydropower  development along the Belt and Road and the cascade control centers in major river basins at home and
abroad.
2024, 0 (3): 1-4，14.
Application scenarios and design points of dam safety video surveillance system
LI Qian and CHEN Kai
Abstract （156）      PDF （350KB）（117）      

This paper describes the relationship between the dam safety video surveillance system and other systems, and summarizes the objects and contents to be monitored. Also, selection of right frontend device, communication, control, storage and display equipment based on the characteristics of hydropower dam and monitoring objects is introduced. In accordance with the principles of practicability, reliability, economy, advancement, maintainability expandability and upgradability, the dam safety video surveillance system is designed to meet the needs of dam safety management.

2022, 0 (6): 37-.
Improvement of patrol inspection for hydropower station
LI Xiaoxiao, FENG Yongxiang, CHU Zhaowei and LIU Tong
Abstract （156）      PDF （315KB）（148）      
Patrol inspection is an important means to ensure the safety of hydropower stations. Based on summary of the advantages and disadvantages of traditional patrol inspection schemes, combined with digital inspection methods, this paper proposes an optimized scheme and a new online inspection system scheme is formed. Upgrading of inspection functions, the optimization of inspection types and content as well as the optimization of inspection systems are realized. After the scheme optimization, the degree of data structuring has been improved, the data redundancy has been significantly reduced, and the defect management function has been added. Moreover, the online inspection system designed based on this scheme has been applied to Ertan hydropower station.
2022, 0 (6): 10-.
Optimization and application of hydraulic patrol inspection
CHEN Xixin, LIU Jian and CHEN Tianshen
Abstract （141）      PDF （370KB）（178）      
With the development of information technology, the traditional paper-based hydraulic patrol inspection work is gradually transformed into a patrol inspection management system (module). At present, the patrol inspection system still has some problems. For example, the patrol inspection objects are not abstractly classified, the defects are not objectified, and the functions of patrol inspection App are simple. Aiming at the above-mentioned problems, the optimization design scheme is proposed and applied to the patrol inspection module in the dam safety information management system for Yalong river basin. Web terminal and mobile terminal (App) are mainly included in this module and functions such as viewing tasks, patrol inspection, result recording and query, defect tracking and query are available. With the help of information management means, this system can optimize the information management mode of hydraulic patrol inspection and further improve the level of dam safety information management.
2023, 0 (2): 4-.
The important system guarantee for improving the safety management level of hydropower station dam operation
DU Dejin
Abstract （138）      PDF （947KB）（288）      
2023, 0 (1): 1-3.
Calculation of characteristic particle size and envelope of filter material in earth-rockfill dams
HE Xinhua, CAI Yongping and CAI Xiaohong
Abstract （135）      PDF （240KB）（70）      
According to SL 274—2020 Design Code for Rolled Earth-rock Fill Dams, Sherard inverted layer design criteria are recommended. Based on the characteristic particle size of protected soil, the characteristic particle size of filter material and the envelope are calculated, and constraint condition for the closure and recovery of the crack in impervious body is presented, which make the inverted layer more reliable and reasonable.
2022, 0 (6): 23-.
Logic of graded warning for dams under the condition of typhoon and its implementation
LYU Gaofeng, ZHENG Shuqian, LIU Xili, HUANG Chengjia and LUO Dongxu
Abstract （133）      PDF （391KB）（124）      
Typhoon exerts great impact on the operation safety of dams in China, especially on the dams in typhoon prone areas along the southeast coast. The impact of typhoon wind on the dam is mainly determined by the wind scale. At present, China Meteorological Administration has realized the prediction of typhoon track and different wind grade radius in the four quadrants of typhoon. The geographic coordinate information database of the concerned dams is established, the typhoon prediction information can be obtained in real time and the later influence range of different typhoon wind scale can be calculated. Based on the dam location and the local wind scale, graded warning is realized. The above-mentioned functions are realized through computer programming. It would quickly identify the dams which may be damaged by typhoon and realize rapid early warning for dams encountering typhoon.
2023, 0 (2): 1-.
Research and development of dam safety monitoring data diagnosis and analysis system and its application#br#
XU Lei, QI Zhiyong, ZHOU Jianbo and ZHAO Jianhua
Abstract （130）      PDF （338KB）（145）      
Aiming at the problems such as low work efficiency, weak professional level, and poor timeliness existing in the manual analysis, information technology is adopted and a set of dam safety monitoring data diagnosis and analysis system is designed and developed, which has obvious advantages in monitoring data preprocessing, distribution map drawing, engineering analogy, abnormous situation feedback, and et al. As well, it can realize the automatic generation of monthly reports, quarterly reports, annual reports, earthquake express reports and comprehensive monitoring data analysis reports. The application shows that the system can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of dam safety monitoring data diagnosis and analysis work, and it is worthy of promotion in dam safety management industry.
2023, 0 (2): 24-.
Emergency disposal of large-volume floating objects in Gaobazhou reservoir of Hubei province
GONG Jianbing and LIU Bozhi
Abstract （125）      PDF （1364KB）（164）      
Taking the emergency disposal of large-volume floating objects in Gaobazhou reservoir of Hubei province as an example, this paper introduces the event process and risk analysis of Gaobazhou hydropower station facing the accumulation of floating objects such as large-scale fish farming cages in the reservoir due to heavy rainfall in the Qingjiang river basin. As well, the effective practice of flotsam cleanup and emergency disposal of Qingjiang Company of China Three Gorges Corporation is summarized, for reference.
2023, 0 (1): 13-18.
Typical problems and thoughts on design of safety monitoring for small reservoirs
JIANG Chao, XU Hong, SUN Yin and CAO Xin
Abstract （121）      PDF （322KB）（136）      
Based on design review, the typical problems in design of safety monitoring for small reservoirs were systematically summarized, including inadequate capability of design organization, omission of important design content, incomplete design-related basic information, improper utilization of existing safety monitoring equipment, design divorced from engineering practice, confusing set of important and unimportant monitoring items, and et al. It is proposed that the quality management of safety monitoring needs to be enhanced in aspects such as more attention paid to the design, improvement of guidance and training, strengthening of design inspection, special focus on safety monitoring design of reinforced and newly-built small reservoirs.
2023, 0 (2): 32-.
Research on short message technology based on Beidou satellite and its application in dam safety monitoring#br#
LIU Xiang, HAN Rongrong and LIU Yujia
Abstract （117）      PDF （301KB）（120）      
A monitoring information reporting system based on Beidou SMS communication for hydropower stations is designed. This system collects the monitoring data of hydropower station from Beidou high-precision sensors in real time under emergency conditions and sends them to the dam safety supervision platform of National Energy Administration through Beidou short message communication, thus reliable conditions for getting insight into the operation of hydropower dam under extreme weather are created.
2022, 0 (6): 34-.
Cause analysis and elimination of malfunction of no-load cylinder of relay hydraulic hoist
FAN Jiaqing and SHEN Yanping
Abstract （110）      PDF （1605KB）（58）      
During the debugging and operation of relay hydraulic hoist in Shuikou hydropower station, the automatic opening and closing action broke down. The reason may be that the unexpected opening of hydraulic single- direction valve with pressure pre- release function causes the pressure unloading of rodless cavity of no-load cylinder. The pressure drop at electro- hydraulic directional control valve port and oil return filter is calculated to obtain the pressure value at the control port of hydraulic single-direction valve. Base on analysis of the force on the hydraulic single-direction valve core, it is confirmed that the hydraulic single-direction valve would open in reverse direction. The solution is to reinstall the hydraulic single-direction valve without pressure pre- release under low pressure working condition.
2023, 0 (1): 26-29.
Calculation of effective aperture of plumb line hole by the circle graphic method
YU Shengli, KE Chuanfang and DUAN Hang
Abstract （109）      PDF （1794KB）（83）      
The plumb line hole is often set in the dam deformation monitoring system. The relevant standard requires that the effective aperture shall not be less than 75 mm after the installation of protective pipe in the plumb line hole. Therefore, the position of circle center on each elevation in protective pipe should be measured in time to calculate whether the effective aperture meets the requirement, and the center coordinates of the effective circle should be determined. Based on simulation analysis of intersection of two circles, the circle graphic method is proposed to calculate the effective aperture, and the corresponding formulas are given. In addition, the calculation results of this method and other methods are compared. On one hand, the reliability of this method is checked. On the other hand, it is concluded that there is no unique solution for the effective aperture in plumb line hole.
2023, 0 (1): 30-32.
Development and application of online dam safety monitoring system based on software as a service#br#
QIU Yong
Abstract （109）      PDF （266KB）（109）      
By analyzing the problems existed in current dam safety monitoring system, this paper puts forward the necessity of building an online dam safety monitoring system based on software as a service. Based on demand analysis, the system function design and R&D were carried out. The system was popularized and applied to many hydropower stations, which created a new service mode based on safety big data, and improved the level of safety management of reservoir dams.
2023, 0 (2): 29-.
Analysis on the construction technology of contact grouting for the steel lining baseplate of pressurized flood discharge hole in hydropower station dam
XU Zhen and WANG Wanming
Abstract （107）      PDF （1355KB）（110）      
All sections of the pressurized flood discharge hole along the axis are in pressure flow state, so full lining with steel is required. Due to the limitation of construction conditions, local void will happen to the baseplate of steel lining after pouring, so the contact grouting method shall be adopted to fill the void to ensure the safe operation of dam. This paper mainly introduces the construction technology and quality control points of contact grouting for the steel lining baseplate of pressurized flood discharge hole in hydropower station dam. The practice has proved that the technology is feasible, economical and reason⁃ able, and the grouting quality meets the design and specification requirements.
2023, 0 (1): 56-58,67.
Application of 1D and 2D hydraulic coupling model in break analysis of cascade hydropower dams
ZHANG Fengshan, DU Dejin and YANG Yanlong
Abstract （103）      PDF （1961KB）（107）      
Reasonable demonstration of impact from dam- break flood is of great significance to dam risk assessment and emergency management. When it comes to cascade dams failure, a 1D and 2D hydraulic coupling model is established to analyze the propagation of dam failure flood and the inundation of floodplain downstream the dam. Taking cascade hydropower stations on W river as an example, the impact of dam failure under two reservoir operation conditions in flood season and non-flood season, is considered in the model. The propagation of dam break flood is analyzed from aspects such as the peak discharge, maximum water level and timing of flood on typical section. On this basis, taking the maximum inundated depth of the flood plain as a representative index, dam failure flood risk level is divided and the flood risk map is drawn. The areas with high risk in case 1 and case 2 are 431.31 km 2 and 575.76 km 2 respectively, indicating the great impact of dam break flood on downstream areas. The simulation results have important reference value for developing emergency plans as well as disaster prevention and mitigation.
2023, 0 (1): 7-12.
Safety monitoring of concrete dams from the perspective of the whole life cycle
YANG Guang, ZHANG Shuai and ZHAO Zhiyong
Abstract （102）      PDF （253KB）（108）      
GB/T 51416—2020 Technical Standard for Concrete Dam Safety Monitoring specifically points out that concrete dam safety monitoring should run through the whole life cycle of concrete dam design, construction and operation. In each stage of the period, the objectives in stages should be accomplished, equal importance should be attached to the operation, maintenance and construction of the monitoring system, and equal attention should be paid to patrol inspection and instrument observation, data
analysis and acquisition as well as risk early warning and feedback analysis. To accurately understand this new concept, combined with the current status of concrete dam safety monitoring, the relevant contents are briefly introduced and explained, for reference.
2022, 0 (6): 31-.
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