Abstract: Deformation method and relaxation coefficient method are generally used to calculate stress through unaxial strain. However,mathematical model and calculating method now used by deformation method are derived from 1940s, at which it depended on hand-work and approximate calculation. Today, the computer is far widely used, the mentioned method results in confusion in concept and complication in calculating process, and using inconveniently. This article, based on the principle of observational stress calculating of viscoelastic body, achieves basic equation to calculate observational stress and optimizes the calculating methods, finally, lists the calculated cases. Calculating has shown that the calculating formula is correct and the method is reasonable and available.

摘要： 由单轴应变计算应力，常采用变形法和松弛系数法，但是，当前变形法所采用的数学模型及计算方法源于20世纪40年代，由于当时主要靠手算进行，对计算公式做相庞近似。在使用电脑的今天，上述作法导致了当前应用中出现的概念模糊化和运算复杂化的情况，普遍反映使用不便，并且，计算方法并非理想。本文从粘弹性体实测应力计算的基本原理出发，得到了计算实测应力的基本方程，并研究优化了计算方法，最后给出了计算实例；计算表明，计算公式正确，计算方法合理可行。