美国科罗拉多河流域水资源管理困境、应对及启示

大坝与安全 ›› 2026 ›› Issue (3): 81-.

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美国科罗拉多河流域水资源管理困境、应对及启示

李禹杉，张栋梁

辽宁西北供水有限责任公司，辽宁沈阳，110003

收稿日期:2026-05-25 出版日期:2026-06-30 发布日期:2026-07-09
作者简介:李禹杉（1997— ），男，辽宁沈阳人，助理工程师，主要研究方向为水利自动化与信息化、水利工程调度运行等。

Challenges and practices in water resources management in the U.S. Colorado river basin and its implications for China

LI Yushan and ZHANG Dongliang

Liaoning Northwest Water Supply Co., Ltd.

Received:2026-05-25 Online:2026-06-30 Published:2026-07-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，作为美国西南部的主要河流，科罗拉多河水资源管理面临历史契约与现实径流脱节、气候变化与用水需求膨胀的双重挤压，外加多元利益主体博弈僵局等困境。笔者系统剖析科罗拉多河流域水资源管理的主要矛盾及应对举措，并与中国流域管理实践进行对比分析，从管理机制体制创新、市场化运作和技术投入三方面提出建议，以优化流域水资源管理实践。

关键词:

科罗拉多河, 水资源管理, 梯级大坝调度

Abstract:

In recent years, as a major river in the southwestern United States, the Colorado river has faced challenges in water resources management, including a disconnect between historical agreements and current runoff, the dual pressures of climate change and growing water demand, and a deadlock resulting from the conflicting interests of multiple stakeholders. This paper systematically analyzes the crisis and response measures in water resources management in the Colorado river basin, compares them with China′s practices, and offers recommendations in three areas—innovation in management mechanisms and systems, market- oriented operations, and technological investment—to optimize water resources management practices in river basins, for reference.

Key words:

Colorado river, water resources management, cascade dam regulation

中图分类号:

TV697

李禹杉, 张栋梁.

美国科罗拉多河流域水资源管理困境、应对及启示

[J]. 大坝与安全, 2026, 0(3): 81-.

LI Yushan and ZHANG Dongliang.

Challenges and practices in water resources management in the U.S. Colorado river basin and its implications for China

[J]. Dam & Safety, 2026, 0(3): 81-.

参考文献

[1] Colorado River: Map, Route, Origin, States, and Tributaries [EB/OL].https://riversinsight.com/colorado-river/,2025-06-13.

[2] Why the Colorado River Matters to 40 Million People[EB/OL].https://scienceinsights.org/why-the-colorado-river-matters-to-40-million-people/,2026-03-24.

[3] Colorado River Compact, 1922[Z].https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/g1000/pdfiles/crcompct.pdf.

[4] Water supplies along Colorado River basin in peril, experts say[EB/OL].https://abcnews.com/US/water-supplies-colorado-river-basin-peril-experts/story?id=133107551#:~:text=The% 20Colorado% 20River% 20basin% 20and% 20its%20two% 20largest,projections% 20from% 20the% 20U.S.%20Bureau%20of%20Reclamation%20show._t=b252nlhlaQfoMGioLwW1y73eZb4l0FDIcHKQKOorTK59VEtOI%4hJwgHXk&rqlang=cn&rsv_enter=1&rsv_dl=tb_enbtype=t&rsv_sug2=0&rsv_sug3=224&rsv_sug1=sug7=100,2026-05-21.

[5] Deadlocked: Colorado basin states negotiations collapse[EB/OL].https:// www. coloradopolitics. com/2026/02/13/dead⁃locked-colorado-basin-states-negotiations-collapse/,2026-02-13.

[6] 2007 Interim Guidelines[S].Bureau of Reclamation,2007.

[7] Drought Response Operations Agreement[Z].https://www.usbr.gov/ColoradoRiverBasin//dcp/droa.html,2019

[8] Water Transfers and Conservation Partnerships Deliver Benefits to San Diego Region Ratepayers[EB/OL].https://www.sdcwa.org/water-transfers-and-conservation-partnerships-deliver-benefits-to-san-diego-region-ratepayers/,2024-12-04.

[9] 中华人民共和国水法[Z].

[10] 水利部门联合调度长江上中游水库群拦洪91亿立方米全力应对长江2024年第1号洪水[EB/OL].https://www.gov.cn/lianbo/bumen/202407/content_6960563.htm?f_link_type=f_linkinlinenote&flow_extra=eyJpbmxpbmZGlzcGxheV9wb3NpdGlvbiI6MCwiZG9jX3Bvc2l0aW9uIjowLCJkb2NfaWQiOiIzN2UzMjMwNWFiNzc4YmQyLMzAwM2Q4MjcyZDkxNzkifQ%3D%3D,2024-07-02.

美国科罗拉多河流域水资源管理困境、应对及启示

Challenges and practices in water resources management in the U.S. Colorado river basin and its implications for China

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