Abstract: The early detection of deviations, problems and undesirable incidents is crucial for intervention during floods and other geohazard events. Dam and levee owners and responsible authorities must follow the development of such events from an early stage. Sharing of information is valuable for all involved. By inviting professionals and the public to contribute with observations, the number of observers within safety management increases. In Norway, a crowd-sourcing tool called regObs, gives the public and dam owners an easy way to report and share relevant observations. regObs can be used to contribute with observations within the pre-defined topics "water", "soil", "snow" and "ice". The tool is available on www.regobs.no and as mobile application. It uses an open data policy and everybody can register observations as well as see all observations. Observations are georeferenced, and follow a predefined form adapted to the specific topic. Pictures and notes can be added easily to the observations. The observations provide useful information during emergency actions and in the national flood, landslide and avalanche forecast services. The use of regObs are illustrated with examples and the advantages for dam and levee owners are highlighted.

Key words: Norway, regObs, observation, information sharing

摘要： 及早发现问题、异常现象和事故是对洪水、地质灾害事件等进行有效干预的关键。大坝业主及有关部门必须从一开始就关注这类事件的发展。分享信息对所有相关人员都是有价值的。邀请专业人士和公众参与观测，从而增加安全管理中的观测员人数。在挪威，通过利用拥有群众资源的regObs工具，公众和大坝业主能简单地完成相关观测资料的报告和分享。regObs可在“水”、“土”、“雪”和“冰”等预先定义的主题内进行观测，可从网站www.regobs.no获取，也可以从移动应用商店获取。它使用开放的数据政策，每个人都可以注册提交观测资料，也可以看到所有的观测资料。观测有地理坐标作为参考，并遵循基于特定主题的预定义形式。图片和注释也可以轻松地添加在观测资料中。这些观测资料为应急响应行动和全国洪水、滑坡和雪崩预报服务提供了有用的信息。笔者也举例说明了regObs的使用，并强调了其为大坝业主带来的益处。

关键词: 挪威, regObs, 观测, 信息分享