Abstract: A survey of dam safety legal framework, responsibility for dam safety, dam classification and technical framework in 44 countries are carried out by International Commission on Large Dams. This paper presents the practice carried out by ten countries as a case study, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, India, Russia, Serbia and United States, for reference.

Key words: dam safety legal framework, dam classification, technical framework

摘要： 国际大坝委员会针对全球44个成员国的大坝安全法律框架和责任分配、大坝分类体系以及大坝安全技术框架进行调查总结，讨论了各国大坝安全监管体系的差异和趋势。文章重点选取澳大利亚、巴西、加拿大、法国、德国、英国、印度、俄罗斯、塞尔维亚和美国这十个国家，介绍其大坝安全管理的主要原则、大坝安全的独立监管、大坝分类情况、技术框架等概况。

关键词: 大坝安全法律框架, 大坝分类, 技术框架