Abstract: In order to improve the perception ability of water project safety risk, based on a comprehensive analysis of impacts of geographic climate, topographical geology, structural material and project operation on the safety risks of specific water project, the risk perception is divided into four levels: input (impact) factor perception, output (effect) perception, structure and basic state perception and follow-up perception. The corresponding relationship between these four levels and existing safety monitoring or detection items is analyzed. According to the requirements of risk management, the low security risk project only needs to set input perception. With the increase of safety risk, the perception level is gradually increased. All four levels of perception need to be set for the high-risk water project. And then a multi-level dynamic risk perception system suitable for different risk levels and their dynamic evolution can be established. The system proposed in this paper realizes the integration of safety monitoring and detection, which is helpful to unify the theoretical basis of monitoring and detection item setting for different structures and their different working stages, and has certain significance for improving the ability of early warning of safety risks in water project.

Key words: perception system, perception elements, risk analysis, monitoring item, detection item

摘要： 为提高水工程安全风险感知能力，在综合分析地理气候、地形地质、结构材料和工程运行等因素对具体水工程安全风险影响的基础上，将风险感知划分为输入（影响）因素感知、输出（效应）感知、结构与基础状态感知和随动感知四个层次，并分析了上述四个层次与现有安全监测/检测项目的对应关系。根据风险管理要求，低安全风险工程只需要设置输入感知一个层次，随着工程安全风险的增大，逐步增加感知层次，直至高风险工程设置全部四个感知层次，从而建立了适合不同风险级别及其动态演化的水工程安全风险多层次动态感知体系。该体系实现了安全监测与检测感知体系的融合，有利于统一工程不同建筑物及其不同存在阶段监测-检测项目设置的理论依据，对提高水工程安全风险预警能力具有一定的意义。

关键词: 感知体系, 感知要素, 风险分析, 监测项目, 检测项目