关键词: 极端天气, 中小型水库, 应急调度, 风险防控体系

Abstract: Aiming at low emergency response efficiency and prominent safety hazards of small and medi ⁃ um-sized reservoirs caused by low engineering standards, poor monitoring capabilities, low professional level of personnel and scattered regulation authority under the background of frequent extreme weather events, taking the small and medium-sized reservoirs in Yuanping City, Shanxi Province as study ob ⁃ ject, and combining with operation practice, a dynamic closed-loop emergency regulation mechanism of "early warning-analysis-regulation-feedback" and a three-level risk prevention and control system of "prevention-handling-recovery" have been established. Three core solutions, namely "hierarchical au ⁃ thorization+collaborative regulation", "empirical formula+case matching" and "low-cost engineering+ef⁃ ficient non- engineering measures", have been innovatively proposed. The response to extreme rain ⁃ storms of three reservoirs with different management entities in Yuanping City in 2023 verified that the emergency response time was shortened by 57%, the regulation accuracy was improved by 35%, and the risk of downstream flooding was reduced by more than 60%, providing a feasible, replicable and low- cost safety response plan for small and medium-sized reservoirs in the northern temperate monsoon re ⁃ gion.

Key words: extreme weather, small and medium-sized reservoir, emergency regulation, risk prevention and control system