Abstract: Risk assessment is the most cost-effective method in dam safety management. Since BC Hydro of Canada started to use risk assessment in dam safety management in 1991, many countries have adopted risk assessment in their dam safety program. In addition to Event Tree Analysis and Fault Tree Analysis, the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis has recently become one of the most important methods of risk analysis.

摘要： 水坝风险管理是最经济有效的水坝安全管理方法。自从1991年加拿大BC Hydro公司首先将风险分析和评估用于水坝安全管理程序中，欧美等国家先后采用水坝风险管理方法。风险分析是水坝风险管理的主要程序。风险分析的方法除了常用的事件树（ETA）和故障树（FTA）以外，溃坝模式和效应分析（FMEA）在近年中也开始使用，很有成效。FMEA除了用于工程设计和水坝风险分析，也被应用于水坝安全检查程序和水坝的监测计划。