Abstract: The deformation and stability of rock anchor beam and surrounding rock should be the focus during the construction of super large underground caverns. In order to explore the deformation characteristics of rock anchor beam and surrounding rock during the excavation of Wudongde underground powerhouse, the authors analyzed the deformation characteristics during excavation and the deformation amount and spatial distribution characteristics after excavation based on the monitoring results and numerical simulation. The results show that: (1) Up to the completion of excavation of the main powerhouse, the overall displacement of the surrounding rock with rock anchor beam is between 0.65 mm and 30.77 mm. (2) The displacement growth of surrounding rock with rock anchor beam as the progress of excavation can be divided into two types: one-step growth convergence type (the excavation of two layers adjacent to rock anchor beam is the main factor of deformation, and the subsequent excavation has little contribution to the deformation) and multiple excavation growth type (this type is often accompanied by poor geological conditions). (3) The overall law of numerical simulation and monitoring results is consistent. During the construction, the overall deformation of rock anchor beam and surrounding rock is not large.

Key words: rock anchor beam, surrounding rock, deformation, safety monitoring, numerical simulation

摘要： 岩锚梁及其周围围岩的变形与稳定是超大型地下洞室施工期关注的重点。为了探究乌东德地下厂房岩锚梁及其周围围岩在开挖期间的变形特性，笔者基于监测成果分析及数值模拟计算，分析了该地下厂房岩锚梁及其周围围岩随开挖施工的变形特征、开挖完成后的变形量及其空间分布特征。结果表明：（1）截至主厂房开挖完成，岩锚梁围岩整体位移为0.65～30.77 mm。（2）岩锚梁围岩位移随厂房开挖的增长类型可分为两种：①一次增长收敛型，与岩锚梁相邻的两层开挖是其变形的主要因素，后续开挖对变形的贡献不大；②多次开挖增长型，该类型往往伴随着不良地质的存在。（3）数值模拟与监测成果所表现出的整体规律一致。施工开挖期间岩锚梁及其周围围岩整体变形不大。

关键词: 岩锚梁, 围岩, 变形, 安全监测, 数值模拟