Abstract: Leakage is a common problem of the reservoir dams, also an important factor affecting dam's overall safety. Studying on the typical characteristics of dam leakage is of significance for leakage cause analysis, site leakage detection and leakage treatment. According to the characteristics of the anti-seepage systems of reservoir dams, combined with practical engineering case analysis, the typical characteristics of leakage problems, i.e., leakage type, manifestation and cause, are systematically summarized for different dam types including embankment dam with soil impervious body, concrete dam, concrete faced rockfill dam and embankment dam with asphaltic concrete core. This study could provide benefits for the leakage detection and treatment of reservoir dams.

Key words: dam leakage, anti-seepage system, leakage characteristics, leakage detection

摘要： 渗漏是水库大坝的常见病害之一，是影响大坝整体安全的重要因素。研究水库大坝渗漏病害的典型特点和基本规律，对大坝渗漏成因分析、现场渗漏探测以及渗漏加固处理都具有重要的指导意义。针对水库大坝防渗体系的特点，结合典型工程案例，从渗漏类型、表现形式及渗漏成因等方面对土质防渗体土石坝、混凝土坝、面板堆石坝、沥青混凝土心墙坝渗漏病害的基本规律进行较为全面系统的分析总结，以期对我国水库大坝渗漏病害的探测与加固处理有所裨益。

关键词: 大坝渗漏, 防渗体系, 渗漏规律, 渗漏探测