Abstract: From the point of view of practical applications of seepage analysis for high dams with large reservoirs, this article builds a brand new measuring method, namely sonar flow velocity vectors measuring method, in which the latest sonar technology is used to detect the path of dam seepage. Also, the article introduces the conceptual model——the seepage energy measuring method, which detects seepage by measuring the flow energy changes. As well, some key technical problems in the double medium solid-liquid flow synchronous measurement for potential disease detection of dam leaking are solved by Bernoulli equation and mass-conservation equation. By integrating the achievements both in software and hardware which can be directly used in the picturing hydrogeological parameter, a complete set of 3D dynamic digitalized visual function system has been established. This 3D dynamic digitalized visual function system can be used widely, such as sonar probe data acquisition, sonar flow velocity vector measurement, computer function panel displaying, mathematical modeling of hydrogeological, the general calculation formula for the existence of ground water and confined water within void water, crack water and karst water, as well as numerical calculation imaging. Some innovative application achievements are provided for fast measurement of complex seepage flow field in deep water, precise positioning and multi-media display. At the same time, a seepage measurement case of a concrete face rockfill dam (CFRD) is presented, for reference.

Key words: hydrogeological parameters, sonar seepage, energy method, reservoir leakage, dam seepage, seepage flow visualization

摘要： 从高坝大库渗流工程的实际应用出发，提出了“能量测量”概念模型，并运用伯努利能量方程与质量守恒方程解决大坝渗漏隐患中的固液流双相介质原位测量的一系列技术关键问题。整合了能直接用于水文地质参数成像的软硬件成果，实现了声纳探头的数据采集、声纳流速矢量测量、计算机功能界面显示、水文地质数学建模、潜水、承压水在孔隙水、裂隙水和岩溶水中的通用计算公式、数值计算成像等一整套三维动态数字化可视功能体系，为水下复杂渗流场的快速测量、精准定位、多媒体展示提供了创新性应用成果。同时，给出了某混凝土面板堆石坝的工程渗流应用实例。

关键词: 水文地质参数, 声纳渗流, 能量法测量, 水库渗漏, 大坝渗流, 渗流可视化成像